Inspection of welded joints using the FMC/TFM ultrasonic technique

Abstract

The FMC/TFM ultrasonic technique (Full Matrix Capture / Total Focusing Method) has recently gained increasing application in the inspection of materials and welded joints across Europe and globally. This method, more commonly referred to as the total focusing technique, is increasingly adopted due to its high accuracy in reflector detection and its enhanced visualization capabilities on inspection device displays. These advantages enable inspectors to evaluate components with greater ease, while providing clients with detailed and comprehensive inspection reports. As a result, this technique effectively responds to growing quality assurance demands and the accelerated progress of industrial technologies. In Serbia and neighboring countries, there are very few documented cases of the practical use of this measurement technique. When present, such applications are typically limited to brief demonstrations or promotional activities by overseas companies operating in the region- primarily during pipeline construction projects. Standard EN ISO 17640 outlines significant limitations for the use of ultrasonic testing on welded joints that lack full penetration. This study presents practical experiences with the application of the total focusing technique for the nondestructive testing of welded joints made from aluminum alloys 6005A-T6 and 5083 H111. These tests were performed on typical joint designs without full penetration, without violating the fundamental physical principles on which ultrasonic testing is based.